Fine spectrum of the generalized difference operator \(\varDelta _{uv}\) on sequence space \(l_{1}\) (Q422883)

Let \(u=(u_k)\) and \(v=(v_k)\) be two sequences such that (i) \(u\) is either a constant sequence or a sequence of distinct real numbers with limit \(U\), (ii) \(v\) is a sequence of nonzero real numbers with nonzero limit \(V\), and (iii) \(|U-u_k|\) \(<\) \(|V|\) for each \(k\in \mathbb N_0\) = \(\{0, 1, 2,\dots\}\). Then the difference operator \(\Delta_{uv}\) is defined on the space \(\ell_1\) of absolutely summable sequences as \(\Delta_{uv}\) = \((u_nx_n+v_{n-1}x_{n-1})_{n=0}^\infty\), where \(x=(x_n)\in\ell_1\) with \(x_{-1}=0\). Let \(X\) be a nonempty complex normed space and \(T: D(T)\rightarrow X\) be a linear operator with domain \(D(T) \subseteq X\). The spectrum of \(T\), denoted by \(\sigma(T, X)\), is the complement of the resolvent set \(\rho(T, X)\) consisting of all regular values of \(T\). The spectrum \(\sigma(T, X)\) is further partitioned into three disjoint sets, namely the point spectrum, the continuous spectrum and the residual spectrum. The authors first compute the spectrum \(\sigma(\Delta_{uv}, \ell_1)\) of the operator \(\Delta_{uv}\) on \(\ell_1\) as the set \(\{\alpha\in \mathbb C: |U-\alpha|\leq |V|\}\) and the point spectrum \(\sigma_p(\Delta_{uv}, \ell_1)\) as the empty set. Further, the residual spectrum \(\sigma_r(\Delta_{uv}, \ell_1)\) is derived as the set \(\{\alpha\in \mathbb C: |U-\alpha|\leq |V|\}\) and the continuous spectrum \(\sigma_c(\Delta_{uv}, \ell_1)\) as the empty set. Finally, the fine spectrum is also derived in certain cases.