No label defined (Q4237696)

In this paper, the author introduces the notion of the localization of commutative rings with identity with respect to multiplicative fuzzy subsets. He shows the localization is a union of disjoint rings. He also defines the concept of a \(t\)-fuzzy localization of a ring. Fuzzy subsets of a set \(X\) are functions of \(X\) into a complete linear lattice \(L\) with universal bounds 0 and 1. If \(A\) is a fuzzy subset of \(X\), then \(A_t\) denotes the \(t\)-level set of \(A\), while \(\overline{A}_t= \{x\in X\mid A(x)> t\}\) denotes the strong \(t\)-level set. Let \(R\) denote a commutative ring with identity. A fuzzy subset \(S\) is called a fuzzy multiplicative subset of \(R\) if \(S\) is a fuzzy subsemigroup of \((R,\cdot)\) such that \(S(0)\leq S(x)\leq S(1)\) for all \(x\in R\). Suppose that \(S\) is a fuzzy multiplicative subset of \(R\). Let \(\text{Im} (S)\) denote the image of \(S\) and let \(t_0= S(0)\) and \(t_1= S(1)\). Suppose that \(\text{Im}(S)\) is finite. Then for all \({t\in \text{Im} (S)\setminus \{t_0\}}\), \(S_t\) is a multiplicative subset of \(R\) and \(E(S_t)\) is an equivalence relation on \(R\times S_t\), where \(((r_1, s_1), (r_2,s_2))\in E(S_t)\) if and only if there exists \(s\in S_t\) such that \(s(s_2 r_1- s_1 r_2)= 0\) and where \(r_1,r_2\in R\) and \(s_1,s_2\in S_t\). A fuzzy relation \(\varphi\) is then naturally defined on \(R\) in such a way that it is an \(\wedge\)-compatible fuzzy relation on \(R\times \overline{S}_{t_0}\) with respect to addition and multiplication. Let \([r,s]\) denote the equivalence class of \((r,s)\in R\times \overline{S}_{t_0}\) by \(\varphi\). Suppose \(S\) satisfies the condition \(S(s_1 s_2)= S(s_1) \wedge S(s_2)\). Let \(R_S= \{[r, s]\mid (r,s)\in R\times \overline{S}_{t_0}\}\). With a natural definition of addition and multiplication on \(R_S\), \(R_S\) does not become a ring, but \(R_S^t= \{[r,s]\mid r\in R\), \(S(s)=t> t_0\}\) does become a ring. With this established, the author then proceeds to prove some basic results concerning localizations involving prime fuzzy ideals.