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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1285867
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    scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1285867

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      11 May 1999
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      virtual movement
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      Johann Bernoulli variational principle
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      Fermat variational principle of geometric optics
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      Mapertius principle
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      Hamiltonian principle
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      The author gives historical comments and statements of the following well-known variational principles of physics: Fermat variational principle of geometric optics, a variational principle proposed by Johann Bernoulli for solving the brachistochrone problem, and Hamilton principle of the least constraints. He gives some arguments for the reason why these principles are valid and discusses their interrelations. The main idea of the article under review is the fact that all variational principles of mechanics were inspired by the Fermat variational principle of geometric optics. The article is based on a lecture given by the author for secondary school teachers in the framework of the ``International Soros Science Educational Program'' and is aimed at presenting contemporary developments in mathematics on an elementary level understandable for secondary school teachers and pupils.
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