Harmonic deformation of Delaunay triangulations (Q424530)

Let \(S\) be an ergodic point process on \({\mathbb R}^d\) with intensity 1 and \(S^0\) its Palm version. Call \({\mathcal P}\) and \({\mathcal E}\) the probability and expectation associated to \(S\) and \(S^0\). The Voronoi cell of a point in \(S^0\) is the set of sites in \({\mathbb R}^d\) that are closer to \(s\) than to any other point in \(S^0\). Two points are neighbors if the intersection of the closure of the respective Voronoi cells has dimension \(d-1\). The graph with vertices \(S^0\) and edges given by pairs of neighbors is called the Delaunay triangulation of \(S^0\). The goal of the paper is to construct a function \(H:\, S^0\to {\mathbb R}^d\) such that the graph with vertices \(H(S^0)\) and edges \(\{(H(s), H(s'))\), \(s\) and \(s'\) neighbors\(\}\) has the following properties: (1) each vertex \(H(s)\) is in the barycenter of its neighbors; and (2) \(|H(s) - s|/|s|\) (called the corrector) vanishes as \(|s|\) grows to infinity along any straight line. If such a function \(H\) exists, the resulting graph is the harmonic deformation of the Delaunay triangulation of \(S^0\). A search for such a function \(H\) was presented in [\textit{N. Berger} and \textit{M. Biskup}, Probab. Theory Relat. Fields 137, No. 1--2, 83--120 (2007; Zbl 1107.60066)]. The functions from \(S^0\) to \({\mathbb R}\) are called surfaces. The coordinates \(h_1\), \dots, \(h_d\) of \(H\) are harmonic surfaces. The sublinearity of the corrector, requirement (2) above, amounts to asking for \(h_i\) to have tilt \(e_i\), the \(i\)-th canonical vector of \({\mathbb R}^d\). Fixing a direction \(u\), the authors construct a harmonic surface with tilt \(u\) as the limit of a harness process. The paper is organized as follows. In Sections 2 and 3, the authors give basic definitions, define the space \({\mathcal H}\) of fields as a Hilbert space and show a useful integration by parts formula. In Section 4, the authors prove that the coordinates of the tilt of a surface can be seen as the inner product of its gradient with a specific field in \({\mathcal H}\). In Section 5, the Harris graphical construction of the Harness process is described. In Section 6, the author prove the main theorem. Section 7 deals with the uniqueness of the harmonic surface in \(d=2\).