No label defined (Q4247802)

This is a survey of results about absoluteness under forcing extensions and its relationship with forcing axioms. A transitive model \(M\) of a fragment of ZFC is \(\Sigma^1_n\)-absolute for a poset \(\mathbf P\in M\) if for every \(\Sigma^1_n\)-formula \(\varphi(y_1,\dots,y_m)\) and every \(a_1,\dots,a_m\in\mathcal P(\omega)\) in \(M\), \(M\vDash\varphi(a_1,\dots,a_m)\) if and only if \(\varphi(a_1,\dots,a_m)\) holds in every \(\mathbf P\)-generic extension of \(M\). The author reviews some characterizations of \(\Sigma^1_3\)-absoluteness for natural ccc posets (Cohen, random, amoeba, and in general for Suslin ccc posets). He tries to generalize these results by considering formulas of higher complexity or by considering classes of posets wider than the class of ccc posets and presents some characterizations of forcing axioms (related to Martin's axiom) in terms of forcing absoluteness. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0905.00049].