No label defined (Q4255481)

D.~Mumford, V.~Drinfeld, L.~Gerritzen et al. have developed \(p\)-adic uniformization of curves. This uniformization gives rise to \(p\)-adic analysis and a \(p\)-adic Teichmüller theory (authors: L.~Gerritzen, F.~Herrlich et al.). The present book has nothing in common with the above and is a sequel to an earlier paper [see \textit{S. Mochizuki}, Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. 32, No. 6, 957-1157 (1996; Zbl 0879.14009)]. The long and very well written introduction of the book (with many references to the above paper) attempts to motivate and clarify its rather technical contents. Here we present a small part of that introduction. A curve \(X\) of type \((g,r)\) is some \(Y\setminus S\) with \(Y\) smooth, absolutely irreducible, projective curve of genus \(g\) and \(S\) a finite set of cardinality \(r\). \(X\) is hyperbolic if \(2g-2+r>0\). If \(\mathbb{C}\) is the base field, then one has the classical uniformization by the upper half plane \({\mathbb{H}}\rightarrow X\). One wants to capture this by a structure \((P\rightarrow X,\nabla _P,\sigma)\), called the canonical indigenous bundle on \(X\), which is algebraic in nature. An indigenous bundle means that \(P\rightarrow X\) is a \({\mathbb{P}}^1\)-bundle, \(\nabla _P\) is a connection and \(\sigma\) is a section of \(P\rightarrow X\) such that \(\nabla _P\sigma\) is an isomorphism between the tangent bundles \(\tau _{X/{\mathbb{C}}}\rightarrow \sigma ^*\tau _{P/X}\). The canonical indigenous bundle is obtained from the trivial bundle \({\mathbb{H}}\times {\mathbb{P}}^1\) on \(\mathbb{H}\), provided with the trivial connection \(\nabla\) and section \({\mathbb{H}}\rightarrow {\mathbb{H}}\times {\mathbb{P}}^1\), given by \(h\mapsto (h,h)\), by diving out the action of the topological fundamental group \(\pi _1\) of \(X\). This fundamental group is the automorphism group of \({\mathbb{H}}\rightarrow X\) and moreover a subgroup of \(\text{PSL}_2({\mathbb{R}})\subset \text{PGL}_2({\mathbb{C}})\). This action of \(\pi _1\) is given by \(\lambda (h,q)=(\lambda h,\lambda q)\). The canonical indigenous bundle is characterized among all indigenous bundles on \(X\) by: invariance under \(\text{Fr}_{\infty}\), i.e., complex conjugation, and by the condition that the homomorphism \(\pi _1\rightarrow \text{PGL}_2({\mathbb{C}})\) is injective and has as image a quasi-Fuchs group. One can summarize this by saying that the canonical indigenous bundle can be determined and moreover encodes the uniformization \({\mathbb{H}}\rightarrow X\). Let \(M_{g,r}\) denote the moduli space of the \(r\)-pointed curves of genus \(g\) and \(S_{g,r}\) the moduli space of these curves provided with an indigenous bundle. The natural morphism \(S_{g,r}\rightarrow M_{g,r}\) has a section \(s_H\) which provides each \(X\) with its canonical indigenous bundle. This section is known to be real analytic. Complex Teichmüller theory comes in the picture if one uses the universal covering of the space \(M_{g,r}\). In the \(p\)-adic theory, a hyperbolic curve \(X\) over some \(p\)-adic field is given. The goal is to find among the indigenous bundles \((P\rightarrow X,\nabla _P,\sigma)\) on \(X\) a ``canonical'' one. A first condition is that this bundle is invariant under the Frobenius \(\text{Fr}_p\). The second one is a certain \({\mathbb{Z}}_p\)-integral structure, already present in the paper cited above. In the book under review all \({\mathbb{Z}}_p\)-integral structures are studied as well as the nature of the ``canonical'' section of \(S_{g,r}\rightarrow M_{g,r}\). More terms and subjects appearing in the introduction are Schwarz torsor, canonical Frobenius lifting, canonical Galois representation, intrinsic Hodge theory, anabelian conjecture, nilcurves, deformation theory, crystals, Lubin-Tate, stable bundles, rigidity, Kodaira-Spencer theory. This reviewer understands only a small part of the book. Especially, possible applications of this \(p\)-adic Teichmüller theory, have probably escaped his attention.