A Tauberian theorem for the discrete \(M_\varphi\) summability method (Q429207)

Let \((a_{n})\) denote a sequence of real numbers with partial sums \((s_{n})\) and with generating function \(f(x)=\sum_{n\geq 0}a_{n}x^{n}\). If \( f(x)\to s\) as \(x\uparrow 1\), then \((s_{n})\) is called Abel summable to \(s\), \(s_{n}\to s(A)\). For suitable functions \(\phi (x)\) with \( \phi (x)\to \infty \) as \(x\uparrow 1\), and for \(x^\circ <x\leq 1\), let \(M(f,\phi ,x)=\int_{x^\circ}^{x}f(t)\phi (t)dt/\int_{x^\circ}^{x}\phi (t)dt\) and \(M(f,\phi ,x^\circ)=f(x^\circ)\). The sequence is \(M(\phi )\)-summable to \(s\) if \(M(f,\phi ,x)\to s\) as \(x\uparrow 1\). Replacing \(x\) by \(x_{n}=1-1/y_{n}\) where \(y_{n}\uparrow \infty \), we write \(s_{n}\to s(M(\phi ,y))\) if \(M(f,\phi ,x_{n})\to s\) as \(n\uparrow \infty \). It is clear that \( s_{n}\to s\) implies \(s_{n}\to s(A)\) and \(s_{n}\to s(M(\phi ,y))\). In the main result of the paper the authors find Tauberian conditions to obtain the converse relation. In the special case where \(\phi (x)=1/(1-x)\), the Tauberian conditions are that \(na_{n}\to 0\) and that \(y_{n}/n\) is bounded away from zero and from infinity.