The isogeny conjecture for \(A\)-motives (Q431132)

Let \(\xi\) be an endomorphism of a commutative unital ring \(B\). Denote by \(B\langle\xi\rangle\) the associative unital ring of twisted polynomials in \(\xi\) over \(B\): its elements are formal sums \(\sum_{i=0}^nb_i\cdot\xi^i\) for some \(b_i\in B\) and \((b\cdot\xi^m)\cdot(b'\cdot\xi^n):=b\xi^m(b')\cdot\xi^{m+n}\). For a (radical) ideal \(I\subset B\), consider the full subcategory \(\mathcal{M}_{B,\xi,I}\) of the category of left \(B\langle\xi\rangle\)-modules, whose objects \(M\) are finitely generated and projective as \(B\)-modules, and the induced action of all elements of \(I\) on \(M/B\cdot\xi(M)\) is nilpotent. An injective morphism whose cokernel is \(B\)-torsion is called an \textsl{isogeny}. An isogeny \(f:M\to N\) is \textsl{separable} if the morphism \(\mathrm{id}\cdot\xi:B\otimes_{B,\xi}\mathrm{coker}(f)\to\mathrm{coker}(f)\) is bijective. An object \(M\) of \(\mathcal{M}_{B,\xi,I}\) is \textsl{simple} if any non-zero injective morphism to \(M\) is an isogeny; \(M\) is \textsl{semisimple} if it is isogenous to a direct sum of simple objects. Let \(A\) be the coordinate ring of a smooth affine curve over a finite field \({\mathbb F}_q\), \(K\) be a field and \(\gamma:A\to K\) be a ring homomorphism. Denote by \(\sigma\) the Frobenius endomorphism \(s\mapsto s^q\) of \(K\); it induces an endomorphism \(\mathrm{id}\otimes\sigma\) of the ring \(A\otimes K:=A\otimes_{{\mathbb F}_q}K\). Then the objects of the category \(\mathcal{M}_{A\otimes K,\mathrm{id}\otimes\sigma,\ker(\gamma\cdot id)}\) are called \textsl{\(A\)-motives of characteristic \(\gamma\) over} \(K\). The \textsl{isogeny conjecture for \(A\)-motives} (over a finitely generated field \(K\)) says that \textit{for any semisimple \(A\)-motive \(M\) over \(K\), there exist only finitely many isomorphism classes of \(A\)-motives \(M'\) over \(K\) for which there exists a separable isogeny \(M'\to M\).} The aim of the paper is to prove the isogeny conjecture for \(A\)-motives in the case of finitely generated fields \(K\) of transcendence degree \(\leq 1\) (Theorem 1.1). By constructing counterexamples, it is shown that (i) the direction of the isogeny \(M'\to M\) must not be reversed; (ii) the semisimplicity assumption on \(M\) is necessary. From the author's abstract: ``The result is in precise analogy to known results for abelian varieties and for Drinfeld modules and will have strong consequences for the \(\mathfrak{p}\)-adic and adelic Galois representations associated to \(M\). The method makes essential use of the Harder-Narasimhan filtration for locally free coherent sheaves on an algebraic curve.''