On the solitary wave dynamics, under slowly varying medium, for nonlinear Schrödinger equations (Q431238)

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On the solitary wave dynamics, under slowly varying medium, for nonlinear Schrödinger equations
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    On the solitary wave dynamics, under slowly varying medium, for nonlinear Schrödinger equations (English)
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    26 June 2012
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    In this paper, the author considers a nonlinear Schrödinger equation of the form \[ i u_t + u_{xx} + a(\varepsilon x) |u|^{m-1} u = 0, \quad \text{on}\,\, {\mathbb R}^2. \] for \(L^2\)-subcritical exponents \(2 \leq m <5\). The function \(a\) is smooth and satisfies \(\lim_{-\infty} a= 1\) and \(\lim_{+\infty} a = 2\), where the limits are satisfied in a suitable strong sense. The parameter \(\varepsilon >0\) is small. The author proves existence of solutions which behave as solitons (traveling waves) at \(t\rightarrow -\infty\) and studies their global behavior in large time. In particular, after interaction with the potential, such a solution is again close to a soliton in large positive time. Depending on the size and the speed of the soliton as \(t\rightarrow -\infty\), it is proved either refraction (the soliton passes through the potential) or reflection (the soliton goes back). The case of higher space dimension is also discussed. The arguments to study the influence of such slowly varying potentials on solitons (constructing an approximate solution and using stability arguments in large time) were previously developed for the generalized KdV equation by the same author and are quite general. In this paper, it is also conjectured that for \(t\rightarrow +\infty\), the solution is not a pure soliton. This was actually proved later by the same author in [``Sharp inelastic character of slowly varying NLS solitons'', \url{arXiv:1202.5807}].
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    Nonlinear Schr\"dinger equation
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    soliton
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    wave propagation
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