Opposing flows in a one dimensional convection-diffusion problem (Q432216)

The article is concerned with linear singularly perturbed second-order two-point boundary value problems with discontinuous and sign-changing convection coefficient \(a\). The particular case where \(a\) is negatively bounded away from \(0\) on \((0, d)\), and positively bounded away from \(0\) on \((d, 1)\), is studied in detail. Under some additional transition condition at \(d\), the resulting linear operator (involving the differential, transition, and boundary expressions) is shown to be inverse-positive, implying stability of the parameter-uniform numerical scheme to be constructed. For this purpose, a piecewise uniform Shishkin mesh is used, and an error estimate is proved. The results are extended to a related class of parabolic problems, and illustrated by a numerical example.