Abstract intersection theory and operators in Hilbert space (Q433005)

Let \(A\) be a linear operator acting on a Hilbert space \(H\) such that its spectrum \(\sigma(A)\) consists only of the point spectrum \(\sigma_p(A)\) (i.e., its eigenvalues). The operator \(A\) is said to satisfy the Riemann Hypothesis if \(\operatorname{Re}(s)=\frac{1}{2}\) for all \(s \in\sigma(A)=\sigma_p(A)\). In the 1940s, \textit{A. Weil} developed an intersection theory on surfaces over finite fields to apply it to the proof of the Riemann hypothesis for curves over finite fields (one-variable function fields over finite fields). The aim of the present paper is to introduce the axioms of an abstract intersection theory for operators in Hilbert spaces of a certain class, which are analogous to Weil's theory [Œuvres scientifiques. Collected papers. Vol. I (1926-1951). New York-Heidelberg-Berlin: Springer-Verlag (1979; Zbl 0424.01027)].NEWLINENEWLINEThe paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, the authors impose some conditions on the Hilbert space operators to be considered. Then they introduce a functional calculus which serves for cutting off the spectra. Their abstract intersection theory is introduced in Section 3. It consists of conditions on some specific vectors, including what they call a Hodge vector, and a Lefschetz type formula. In Section 3.2, the authors give a model of their abstract intersection theory, using a construction similar to the Gelfand-Naimark-Segal representation [\textit{I. E. Segal}, Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 53, 73--88 (1947; Zbl 0031.36001)]. Using this model, they show that the Riemann Hypothesis for \(A\) is equivalent to the existence of an abstract intersection theory in their sense.