Trigonometric, Walsh, and Haar null-series (Q4334964)

Let \(\{d_m:m= 0,1,\dots\}\) be an arbitrary sequence of positive numbers with the property \(1\leq d_m\uparrow\infty\), and \(\phi(u)\) an arbitrary function defined on \([0,\infty)\) with \(\phi(0)= 0\). Nine theorems are proved. The following two are typical. Theorem 1. There exists a cosine null-series \(1+ \sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n\cos nx\) such that \(a_n\geq 0\) for all \(n\geq 1\), and \[ \sum^\infty_{n=0} {1\over d_m} \Biggl|\phi\Biggl( \sum_{n\in \omega_m} a_n\Biggr)\Biggr|\leq 1, \] where \(\omega_m:= \{n: p_{m-1}< n\leq p_m\}\), \(p_m:= \sum^m_{k=0}4^k\). Theorem 9. There exists a Haar null-series \(\sum^\infty_{n=1} c_n\psi_n(x)\) such that \(c_n\geq 0\) for all \(n\geq 1\), and \[ \max\{c_n: n\in\Omega_m\}\leq d_m\max\{c_n: n\in\Omega_{m-1}\} \] for \(m=1,2,\dots\), where \(\Omega_m:= \{n:2^m<n\leq 2^{m+1}\}\).