A new proof of the two weight norm inequality for the one-sided fractional maximal operator (Q4336601)

The one-sided fractional maximal operators \[ M^+_\alpha f(x)=\sup_{t>0}\frac 1{t^{1-\alpha}}\int_x^{x+t}|f|dy,\qquad M^-_\alpha f(x)=\sup_{t>0}\frac 1{t^{1-\alpha}}\int_{x-t}^{x}|f|dy, \] where \(0<\alpha<1\), were introduced by \textit{K. F. Andersen} and \textit{E. T. Sawyer} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 308, No. 2, 547-557 (1988; Zbl 0664.26002)]. The two weight norm inequalities for these operators, \[ \Biggl(\int_{-\infty}^\infty(Tf(x))^qu(x) dx\Biggr)^{1/q}\leq C \Biggl(\int_{-\infty}^\infty|f(x)|^pv(x) dx\Biggr)^{1/p} \] (where \(T=M^+_\alpha\) or \(T=M^-_\alpha\), \(u\), \(v\) are non-negative weights, \(1<p\leq q<\infty\) and the constant \(C>0\) is independent of \(f\)), were characterized by \textit{F. J. Martín-Reyes} and \textit{A. de la Torre} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 117, No. 2, 483-489 (1993; Zbl 0769.42010)]; their approach goes through dyadic variants of the operators \(M^+_\alpha\), \(M^-_\alpha\), their conditions characterizing the inequalities are one-sided analogues of Sawyer's condition characterizing the two weight norm inequality for the fractional Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator [\textit{E. T. Sawyer}, Stud. Math. 75, 1-11 (1982; Zbl 0508.42023)]. The author gives a new more direct proof of the same result, eliminating the dyadic maximal operators. His method which employs special covering properties of \(\mathbb{R}\) and the continuity properties of the maximal operator might be useful in proving other norm inequalities for maximal operators in \(\mathbb{R}\).