The influence of turbulence on the solar p‐mode frequencies I. Free‐mode approximation (Q4339971)

Influence of turbulence on the frequency spectrum of free acoustic modes in convection zones is investigated. The frequency is modified through the speed of sound which suffers from alterations induced by changes in the effective pressure. These come either from the correlated temperature and density or from the pressure part of the Reynolds stress. The two effects shift the frequency of low \(p\)-modes in opposite directions. Also relevant effects are due to the eddy-mass flow and the correlation of density fluctuations with the random velocity, which, however, may be balanced by a vertical mean velocity. The density fluctuation effects produce a redshift of the low \(p\)-mode frequencies, while the Reynolds stress induces a blueshift for the frequencies computed for laminar gas flows. This dominates the subsonic turbulences. The second-order correlation approximations seem to hold for the lowest frequencies. Here the solar minimum data (KORONAS) indicate a blueshift. The important subjects described in the paper are expected to be related to the cycle-variations by the consideration of magnetic modifications of various contributions. The observation of the solar oscillations may decide on the reality of the proposed modifications.