No label defined (Q4354576)

We study initial value problems for the sine-Gordon equation and for the system: \[ q_t+ q_{xxx}+ 6rqq_x=0,\quad r_t+ r_{xxx}+ 6rqr_x= 0,\quad 0\leq x<\infty.\tag{1} \] We consider the associated inverse scattering problem and present the appropriate Lax pairs, from which system (1) has been derived. Further, we find the exact solution of (1) and of the sine-Gordon equation in a class of matrix potentials, in which the associated inverse scattering problem can be solved exactly. The time evolution equations of the scattering data are derived in the case that the scattering data for (1) and for the sine-Gordon equation consist of two simple poles. In this case, we obtain the explicit forms of the solutions of (1) and of the sine-Gordon equation, of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, of the modified KdV equations, which are particular cases of (1).