Einstein - Weyl structures in the conformal classes of LeBrun metrics (Q4357969)

A Weyl structure on an \(n\)-dimensional manifold \(M\) is a pair \((| g |,D)\), where \(| g|\) is a conformal class of Riemannian metrics and \(D\) a torsion-free connection on \(M\) such that for each representative metric \(g\) there is an associated 1-form \(\omega\) which satisfies \(Dg= \omega \otimes g\). A pair \((g,\omega)\) of a metric \(g\) and a 1-form \(\omega\) uniquely determines a torsion-free connection \(D\) such that \(Dg= \omega \times g\). If \(g'= c^fg\), \(f\in C^\infty(M)\), then \(Dg'= \omega' \otimes g'\) where \(\omega' =\omega +df\); thus, \((g,\omega)\) is also called a Weyl structure on \(M\). The Ricci tensor \(S^D\) of \(D\) is in general not symmetric. If the symmetric part of \(S^D\) is pointwise proportional to a representative metric, then \((g,\omega)\) is said to satisfy the Einstein-Weyl condition, and it is called an Einstein Weyl structure. In this paper, the author studies the Einstein-Weyl condition on a Weyl structure \((g,\omega)\), where \(g\) is a diagonal Bianchi type IX metric, which is a Riemannian metric \(g\) of cohomogenity one under \(SU(2)\) such that \(g= (abc)^2 dt^2+ a^2\sigma^2_1 +b^2 \sigma^2_2 +c^2 \sigma^2_3\), where \(t\) is a coordinate orthogonal to the \(SU(2)\) orbits, \(a=a(t)\), \(b=b(t)\), \(c=c(t)\), and \(\sigma_1\), \(\sigma_2\), \(\sigma_3\) are left-invariant 1-forms on the orbits satisfying \(d\sigma_1= \sigma_2 \wedge \sigma_3\) and cyclic permutations, and where \(\omega\) is preserved by the \(SU(2)\) action; that is, \(\omega= Pdt+ E\sigma_1 +F\sigma_2 +G\sigma_3\), for functions \(P=P(t)\), \(E=E(t)\), \(F=F(t)\) and \(G=G(t)\). It is shown that such a solution to the Einstein-Weyl equation is either conformally Einstein or satisfies \(a=b\) and \(E=F=0\), and, hence, it has a \(U(2)\) symmetry. In the special case that \(g\) is a Kähler metric with zero scalar curvature (which is called a LeBrun metric), an explicit 2-parameter family of Einstein-Weyl structures \((g,\omega)\) is found. These solutions give examples of metrics admitting both Einstein and Einstein-Weyl structures and also examples of self-dual Einstein-Weyl structures which can appear on both sides of the dichotomy (determined by the vanishing or non-vanishing of the scalar curvature of the connection \(D)\) which was established by \textit{H. Pedersen} and \textit{A. Swann} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser. 66, 381-399 (1993; Zbl 0788.53040)].