Euler characteristics and elliptic curves (Q4372148)

Let \(E\) be a modular elliptic curve over \(\mathbb{Q}\), without complex multiplication; let \(p\) be a prime number where \(E\) has good ordinary reduction; and let \(F_\infty\) be the field obtained by adjoining to \(\mathbb{Q}\) all \(p\)-power division points on \(E\). Write \(G_\infty\) for the Galois group of \(F_\infty\) over \(\mathbb{Q}\). Assume that the complex \(L\)-series of \(E\) over \(\mathbb{Q}\) does not vanish at \(s=1\). If \(p\geq 5\), the authors make a precise conjecture about the value of the \(G_\infty\)-Euler characteristic of the Selmer group \({\mathcal S}(F_\infty)\) of \(E\) over \(F_\infty\). Conjecture 1. Let \(E\) be a modular elliptic curve over \(\mathbb{Q}\), without complex multiplication, such that \(L(E,1)\neq 0\). Let \(p\geq 5\) be a prime number such that \(E\) has good ordinary reduction at \(p\). Then \({\mathcal S}(F_\infty)\) has a finite \(G_\infty\)-Euler characteristic, which is given by \(\chi(G_\infty, {\mathcal S}(F_\infty))= \rho_p(E/\mathbb{Q})\). If one makes a standard conjecture about the behavior of this Selmer group as a module over the Iwasawa algebra, they are able to prove their conjecture. Theorem 2. In addition to the hypotheses of Conjecture 1, assume that \(\widehat{{\mathcal S}(F_\infty)}\) is torsion over the Iwasawa algebra \(I(\Sigma_\infty)\), where \(\Sigma_\infty= G(F_\infty/ F_0)\). Then Conjecture 1 holds, and \(H^i(G_\infty,{\mathcal S}(F_\infty))=0\) for \(i=2,\dots, 4\). Theorem 3. Under the same hypothesis as in Conjecture 1, we have that \(H^0(G_\infty,{\mathcal S}(F_\infty))\) is finite and \[ \#(H^0(G_\infty,{\mathcal S}(F_\infty))= \rho_p(E/\mathbb{Q})\cdot \#(H^3(G_\infty, E_{\rho^\infty})). \] The crucial local calculations in the proof depend on recent joint work of the first author with \textit{R. Greenberg} [Invent. Math. 124, 129-174 (1996; Zbl 0858.11032)].