A Fixed Point Theorem of Krasnoselskii—Schaefer Type (Q4375896)

The authors focus on three fixed point theorems and an integral equation. Schaefer's fixed point theorem yields a \(T\)-periodic solution of \[ x(t)= a(t)+ \int^t_{t- h}D(t, s)g(s, x(s))ds\tag{1} \] if \(D\) and \(g\) satisfy certain sign conditions independent of their magnitude. A combination of the contraction mapping theorem and Schauder's theorem (known as Krasnoselskii's theorem) yields a \(T\)-periodic solution of \[ x(t)= f(t, x(t))+ \int^t_{t- h}D(t,s)g(s, x(s))ds\tag{2} \] if \(f\) defines a contraction and if \(D\) and \(g\) are small enough. The authors prove a fixed point theorem which is a combination of the contraction mapping theorem and Schaefer's theorem which yields a \(T\)-periodic solution of (2) when \(f\) defines a contraction mapping, while \(D\) and \(g\) satisfy the aforementioned sign conditions.