A generalization of the Riemann scheme for equations of hypergeometric and Heun classes (Q4378098)

The recent development of interest in Heun's equation and its various confluent forms [\textit{A. Ronveaux}, Heun's differential equations (1995; Zbl 0847.34006)] makes this paper particularly relevant at the present time, particularly in view of the fact that compact solutions of such equations are now beginning to emerge in the literature. [For example, H. Exton, New solutions of Heun's equation (to appear)]. Generalized Riemann schemes relating to linear differential equations of the second order with polynomial coefficients give rise to several theorems exposing properties of characteristic exponents applicable to extensions of Heun's equations. The concept of ramification is illuminating as involving those equations involving elementary singularities such as the equations of Bessel and Mathieu. As mentioned in the discussion of the paper under review, the generalized Riemann scheme offers practical advantages and ``1. exposes explicitly all local characteristics of solutions; 2. allows us to find parameters of the equations corresponding to the existence of quasi-polynomials or other simplified solutions; 3. is convenient for obtaining an equation with features that are connected to the original one, for instance, the adjoint equation; 4. simplifies transformations of the underlying equation''.