Second-order odes with non-separated boundary conditions and generation of analytic semigroups (Q4378749)

The author considers linear boundary value problems stated by \[ Au-\lambda u=f \] where \[ A: \{u\in C^2[0,1] :W_i(u)= 0,i=1,2\} \to C[0,1] \] consists of the linear differential operator \[ Au=u'' +p_2 (x)u \] while \[ W_i(u) =a_i u(0)+ b_iu'(0)+ c_iu(1) +d_iu'(1) =0,\;i=1,2. \] \(p(x)\) and \(f(x)\) appearing above are given complex-valued continuous functions and \(\lambda\) is a complex parameter. The author gives conditions under which \(A\) is an infinitesimal generator of an analytic semigroup of bounded linear operators. To this end he introduces first the linear integral operator \(T_\lambda\) defined in terms of the Green function \(G(x,\xi;\lambda)\) which permits one to write \[ u=T_\lambda f=\int^t_0 G(x,\xi; \lambda) f(\xi)d \xi \] and then finds bounds for \(\| T_\lambda f\|_{L^\wedge(0,1)}\) and \(\| T_\lambda f\|_{L^\infty (0,1)}\). The main result is that if the boundary expressions \(W_i(u)\) satisfy certain regularity conditions in the sense of Birkhoff, then the operator \(A:D(A) \subset L^p(0,1) \to L^p(0,1)\) is an infinitesimal generator of an analytic semigroup of bounded linear operators in every space \(L^p(0,1)\) for \(1\leq p<\infty\).