F_m-Strongly integrable derivations (Q4384699)

Let \(A\) be a commutative ring with unit element. We denote by \(\text{Der}(A)\) the set of derivations of \(A\) into \(A\) and by \(HS(A)\) the set of differentiations in the sense of Hasse and Schmidt of \(A\) into \(A\). Let \(\mathbb{D}=\{D_m\}_{m\in\mathbb{N}}\) be in \(HS(A)\). \(\mathbb{D}\) is called \(F_m\)-iterative if it satisfies \[ D_i\circ D_j=\sum^{i+j}_{r=i}{r\choose i}{i\choose i+j-r}D_r \quad \text{for all }i,j.\tag{1} \] \((F_m\) designates the multiplicative formal group, which is defined by \(F(X,Y)=X+Y+XY\), and which is associated with differentiations satisfying (1).) \(D\in\text{Der}(A)\) is said to be integrable if there exists \(\mathbb{D}\in HS(A)\) such that \(D_1=D\); and this is also expressed by saying \(\mathbb{D}\) lifts \(D\). \(D\in\text{Der}(A)\) is said to be \(F_m\)-strongly integrable if there exists an \(F_m\)-iterative \(\mathbb{D}\in HS(A)\) such that \(\mathbb{D}\) lifts \(D\). -- Let \(K\) be a subring of \(A\). \(\text{Der}_K(A)\) consists of those \(D\in\text{Der}(A)\) which vanish on \(K\). \(HS_K(A)\) consists of those \(\mathbb{D}\in HS(A)\) such that \(D_i\) vanishes on \(K\), \(i>0\). \(D\in\text{Der}_K(A)\) is \(F_m\)-strongly integrable over \(K\) if there exists \(\mathbb{D}\in HS_K(A)\) which is \(F_m\)-iterative and lifts \(D\). Let \(A\) contain the field \({\mathbb{Q}}\) of rational numbers. It is proved that if \(D\in\text{Der}(A)\), then \(D\) is \(F_m\)-strongly integrable and there is a unique \(\mathbb{D}\in HS(A)\), which is \(F_m\)-iterative and lifts \(D\). The proof is accomplished by defining the \(D_m\) recursively by an explicit formula. Let \(A\) be a domain containing a field \(K\) of characteristic \(p>0\). Let \(D\in\text{Der}(A)\). A necessary condition for \(D\) to be \(F_m\)-strongly integrable is \(D^p=D\). Let \(A\) be a field separable over \(K\) and let \(D \in\text{Der}_K(A)\). Then \(D\) is \(F_m\)-strongly integrable over \(K\) if and only if \(D^p=D\). [See also the subsequent paper: \textit{V. Bonanzinga}, ``\(F_m\)-integrable derivations. II'', Boll. Unione Mat. Ital., VII. Ser., A 11, No. 2, 513-526 (1997; Zbl 0906.13005)].