No label defined (Q4408658)

This paper describes a geometric approach to \(q\)-characters. For \(g\) a semisimple Lie algebra with irreducible modules \(\pi_1,\dots,\pi_n\) let \(M=\pi_1\otimes \dots \otimes \pi_n\) decompose as \(M=\bigoplus_{\gamma\in\Gamma}M_{\gamma}\) with \(\Gamma\) the weight lattice of \(g\). As usual, the corresponding character encodes the dimensions of the spaces \(M_{\gamma}\). That is, \[ \text{ch}(z;M)=\sum_{\gamma\in\Gamma} z^{\gamma}\dim(M_{\gamma}) \] where \(z=(z_1,\dots,z_k)\), \(\gamma=(\gamma_1,\dots,\gamma_k)\), \(z^{\gamma}=z_1^{\gamma_1}\cdots z_k^{\gamma_k}\) and \(k\) the dimension of the Cartan subalgebra of \(g\). To lift this to the realm of \(q\)-characters, assume that the spaces \(M_{\gamma}\) further decompose as \(M_{\gamma}=\bigoplus_{i\in\mathbb {Z}}M_{\gamma,i}\). Then \[ \text{ch}(q,z;M)=\sum_{i\in\mathbb{Z},\gamma\in\Gamma} q^i z^{\gamma}\dim(M_{\gamma,i}). \] Most of the results on \(q\)-characters obtained in the paper are too technical to state here, so we will only mention one simple, but appealing result for \(g={\mathfrak {sl}}_2\). Let \(e_0,e_1,\dots\) be commuting variables and define \(e(z)=\sum_{i\geq 0}e_i z^i\). Let \(W^k\) be the space \(\mathbb{C}[e_0,e_1,\dots]/e(z)^k\). Then the following Gordon-type expression holds \[ \text{ch}(q,zq;W^k)=\sum_{n_1,\dots,n_{k-1}\geq 0} \frac{z^{\sum_{i=1}^{k-1}in_i} q^{N_1^2+\cdots+N_{k-1}^2}} {(q)_{n_1}\dots (q)_{n_{k-1}}}. \] Here \(N_i=n_i+\cdots+n_{k-1}\) and \((q)_n=(1-q)(1-q^2)\cdots (1-q^n)\). This result is obtained as the large \(n\) limit of the \(b_k=n\), \(b_1=\dots=b_{k-1}=0\) case of certain finite characters (polynomials in \(q\)) \(\text{ch}(b_1,\dots,b_s)\), which coincide with the \({\mathfrak {sl}}_2\) supernomial coefficients.