On the moduli space of $\tau$-connections on a compact Riemann surface (Q4474782)

Denote by \(X\) a compact connected Riemann surface of genus at least \(3\) and \(K\) its canonical line bundle. Let \(\tau: X\times{\mathbb C} \to {\mathbb C}\) be the projection. A \(\tau\)-connection of rank \(n\) on \(X\) is a pair \((E,D)\) where \(E\) is an algebraic vector bundle of rank \(n\) on \(X\times{\mathbb C}\) and \(D: E \to p_X^*K\otimes E\) an algebraic relative differential operator satisfying \(D(fs)=f(Ds)+\tau d_Xf \otimes s\), where \(f\) is a local function on \(X\times{\mathbb C}\), \(s\) is a local section of \(E\), and \(d_X\) is the differential along \(X\). Fix a \(\tau\)-connection \(D_L\) on the line bundle \(p_X^*L, \, L\) a line bundle on \(X\). \textit{C. T. Simpson} had constructed a moduli space \(M_X(D_L)\) of semistable \(\tau\)-connections \((E,D)\) of rank \(n\) for which the induced connection on the determinant of \(E\) is isomorphic to \((p_X^*L,D_L)\) [Publ. Math. Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 79, 47--129 (1994; Zbl 0891.14005)]. Let \(M_X^D\) denote the moduli space of all rank \(n\) flat connections on \(X\). Let \(N\) denote a line bundle on a Riemann surface \(Y\) with same genus as \(X\). The main results of the paper are the following Torelli type theorems. Theorem 1. If the variety \(M_X(D_L)\) is isomorphic to \(M_Y(D_N)\), then \(X\) is isomorphic to \(Y\). Theorem 2. The moduli space \(M_X^D\) determines the Picard group Pic\(^0(X)\) and hence, up to isomorphism, there are only finitely many connected Riemann surfaces \(Y\) for which \(M_Y^D\) and \(M_X^D\) are isomorphic. For a very general Riemann surface \(X\), the moduli space \(M_X^D\) determines \(X\). Here very general means those \(X\) for which the rank of the Néron-Severi group of Pic\(^0(X)\) is \(1\). It may be noted that the biholomorphism class of \(M_X^D\) depends only on the genus of \(X\) and is independent of the complex structure of \(X\).