Isotypical indices of cyclotomic elements (Q447810)

Given a real abelian field \(F,\) an odd prime number \(p\) and any Dirichlet character \(\chi\) of \(F,\) this article gives a method for computing the index \(H^1_{\text{ét}} \bigl( {\mathcal O}_F [1/p], {\mathbb Z}_p(r)\bigl)^\chi \;:\;C^F(r)^\chi \bigl),\) where \(r \geq 3\) is an odd integer, \(M^\chi\) denotes the \(\chi\)-part of a Galois module \(M\) (i.e. the maximal submodule of \(M\) on which the Galois action is multiplication by \(\chi\)), and \(C^F(r)\) is a certain subgroup of ``twisted'' circular units. More specifically, \(C^F(r)\) is generated by special elements obtained by codescending from \(F(\mu_{p^\infty})\) (projective limits of) twisted cyclotomic \(p\)-units in the style of Deligne-Soulé. The interest of the \(\chi\)-index as defined above is its key role in the expression, via the Quillen-Lichtenbaum conjecture (now a theorem), of the order of the \(p\)-adic \(K\)-group \(K_{2r-2} ({\mathcal O}_F) \otimes {\mathbb Z}_p\) in terms of special values of \(L\)-functions (the Lichtenbaum conjecture, now a theorem for abelian fields). As a first reduction step, the authors replace the module \(C^F(r)\) by a Galois-free cyclic submodule generated by a special element \(c^F(r)\) corresponding to the non-\(p\)-part \(d\) of the conductor of \(F\) ; the interest is that taking the \(\chi\)-part commutes with taking the quotient modulo \(\langle c^F (r)\rangle\) when \(G = \text{Gal} (F/{\mathbb Q})\) is cyclic. Coming back to the general abelian situation, the authors follow [\textit{M. Kurihara}, Tokyo J. Math. 22, No. 2, 259--277 (1999; Zbl 0941.11040)], in defining a ``reduction map'' \(\phi_{\ell, n} : H^1_{\text{ét}} \bigl( {\mathcal O}_F [1/p], {\mathbb Z}/p^n (r)\bigl) \to \bigoplus_{g \in G} H^1 \bigl( {\mathbb F}_{\lambda^g}, {\mathbb Z}/p^n (r)\bigl),\) where \(\ell\) is a prime congruent to 1 modulo \(p^n d\) and \({\mathbb F}_\lambda (\simeq {\mathbb F}_\ell)\) is the residual field at a place \(\lambda \mid \ell.\) By using \(\phi_{\ell, n}\), they succeed in expressing the index \(\bigl( H^1_{\text{ét}} ({\mathcal O}_F [1/p], {\mathbb Z}_p (r))^\chi : \langle c^F (r) \rangle^\chi \bigl)\) only in terms of the elementary arithmetic of the finite field \({\mathbb F}_\ell,\) generalizing previous results obtained by Kurihara [loc. cit.] who used the assumption that the order of \(\chi\) divides \((p-1)\). Numerical examples are given.