Subspaces of \(\ell_2 (X)\) without the approximation property (Q448246)

Let \(X\) be a Banach space. Denote by \[ d_n(X)=\sup \{ d (E, \ell^n_2): E\subset X,\;\dim E=n\} \] the isomorphism constants of \(X\) to \(\ell^n_2\) from \(n\)-dimensional subspaces of \(X\). (Here, \(d(E,F)\) is the Banach-Mazur distance, i.e., the infimum of \(\| T\|\, \| T^{-1}\|\) as \(T\) ranges over all isomorphisms from \(E\) onto \(F\).) Recently, \textit{W. B. Johnson} and \textit{A. Szankowski} [Ann. Math. (2) 176, No. 3, 1987--2001 (2012; Zbl 1272.46012)] proved that if \((d_n(X))_n\) goes to infinity sufficiently slowly, then all subspaces of \(X\) have the approximation property, i.e., \(X\) has the hereditary approximation property. It was asked in [loc.\,cit.] whether the hereditary approximation property is implied by the rate of growth \(d_n(X)=o(\log(n))\). Concerning this open question, the authors prove the following Theorem. Let \(X\) have cotype 2 and be of the form \(X=\ell_2(Z)\) for some Banach space \(Z\). Assume that there exist constants \(\alpha>0\) and \(\beta>1\) and a positive integer \(N\) such that \[ d_n(X)\geq\alpha (\log(n))^\beta\quad\forall n\geq N. \] Then \(X\) has a subspace without the compact approximation property; hence, \(X\) does not have the hereditary approximation property. As it is nicely explained in the paper, the authors closely follow the line of argument from \textit{A. Szankowski}'s proof [Isr. J. Math. 30, 123--129 (1978; Zbl 0384.46008)] of the fact that the space \(\ell_p\) has a subspace without the compact approximation property, for every \(1\leq p<2\), trying to quantify how fast \((d_n(X))_n\) could grow so that Szankowski's argument would yield a subspace of \(X=\ell_2(Z)\) without the compact approximation property. They also use estimates of \(d(E,\ell^n_2)\) similar to those from \textit{N. J. Nielsen} and \textit{N. Tomczak-Jaegermann} [Ill. J. Math. 36, No. 3, 345--371 (1992; Zbl 0787.46018)].