No label defined (Q4483707)

The Eulerian numbers may be defined by \(A(p,k)= \sum_{j=0}^k (-1)^j \binom {p+1}{j} (k-j)^p\), where \(1\leq k\leq p\). Likewise, the Eulerian polynomial of degree \(p\) is defined by \(A_p(x)= \sum_{k=1}^p A(p,k)x^k\) with \(A_0(x)=1\), \(x\) a real or complex variable, \(x\neq 0,1\). Define Eulerian fractions by \(a_k(x)= \frac{A_k(x)} {(1-x)^{k+1}}\) and furthermore define \(a_k(z,x)= \sum_{j=0}^k \binom kj a_j(x) z^{k-j}\) with \(a_0(z,x)= a_0(x)= 1/(1-x)\). Let \[ a_k^*(z,x)= \begin{cases} a_k(z,x) &\text{if }0\leq z<1,\\ a_k(z-1,x) &\text{for all }z.\end{cases} \] Let \(f\) be an \(m\)-times differentiable function defined on \([a,b)\). The author proves that \[ \begin{multlined} \sum_{a\leq k<b} f(k) x^k= \sum_{k=0}^{m-1} \frac{-1}{k!} [a_k^*(-z,x) x^{-[-z]} f^{(k)}(z)] \Bigl|_{z=a}^{z=b}+\\ \frac{a}{(m-1)!} \int_a^b a_{m-1}^* (-z,x) x^{-[-z]} f^{(m)}(z) dz.\end{multlined} \] {}.