Visibility of lattice points (Q4484392)

A point \(P\) in the lattice \({\mathbb Z}^k\) is said to be visible from a point \(Q\in {\mathbb Z}^k\) if either \(P=Q\) or there is no other lattice point on the line segment joining \(P\) and \(Q\), and a set \(A\subset {\mathbb Z}^k\) is said to be visible from another set \(B\subset {\mathbb Z}^k\) if each point in \(A\) is visible from some point in \(B\). One then defines \(f_k(n)\) (resp. \(F_k(n)\)) to be the minimal cardinality of a set \(S\subset {\mathbb Z}^k\) (resp. \(S\subseteq \Delta_n^k\)) such that \(\Delta_n^k\) is visible from \(S\), where \(\Delta_n^k={\mathbb Z}^k\cap [1,n]^k\). In the present paper, improving on previously known results, it is shown that \[ f_k(n)\geq \zeta (k)(\log n/\log\log n)(1+o(1)) \] for \(k\geq 2\), and \[ F_k(n)\leq \zeta (k-1)(\log n/\log\log n)(1+o(1)) \] for \(k\geq 3\), where \(\zeta\) denotes the Riemann zeta-function. The proofs are elementary but tricky.