Generalisation of the Bogomolov-Miyaoka-Yau Inequality to Singular Surfaces (Q4487547)

The paper considers pairs \((X,B)\) where \(X\) is a normal projective surface over \(\mathbb C\), and \(B\) is a \(\mathbb Q\)-divisor whose coefficients are \(1\) or \(1-1/m\) for some natural number \(m\). A log canonical singularity on such a pair is a quotient by a finite or infinite group, so if \((X,B)\) has log canonical singularities, the orbifold Euler number \(e_{\text{orb}}(X,B)\) can be defined. The main result is a Bogomolov-Miyaoka-Yau-type inequality which implies that if \((X,B)\) has log canonical singularities and \(\kappa(X,K_X+B)\geq 0\) then \((K_X+B)^2\leq 3e_{\text{orb}}(X,B)\). The actual inequality proved is somewhat stronger and it also implies all the previously published versions of the Bogomolov-Miyaoka-Yau inequality. The proof involves the log minimal model program, \(Q\)-sheaves when \(K_X+B\) is nef, and a study of the changes in the two sides of the inequality under a contraction. The paper also contains a further generalisation where the coefficients of \(B\) can be arbitrary rational numbers in \([0,1]\), a different condition is imposed on the singularities and \(K_X+B\) is required to be nef. Some applications of the inequalities are also given, for example, estimating the number of singularities or certain kinds of configurations of curves on surfaces.