The jacobi inversion formula (Q4487903)

We look for differential equations satisfied by the generalized Jacobi polynomials\break \(\{P_n^{\alpha,\beta,M,N} (x)\}_{n=0}^\infty\) which are orthogonal on the interval \([-1,1]\) with respect to the weight function \[ \frac{\Gamma(\alpha+ \beta+2)} {2^{\alpha+\beta+1} \Gamma(\alpha+1) \Gamma(\beta+1)} (1-x)^\alpha (1+x)^\beta+ M\delta(x+1)+ N\delta(x-1), \] where \(\alpha>-1\), \(\beta>-1\), \(M\geq 0\) and \(N\geq 0\). In order to find explicit formulas for the coeffieients of these differential equations we have to solve systems of equations of the form \[ \sum_{i=1}^\infty A_i(x) D^i P_n^{(\alpha,\beta)}(x)= F_n(x), \qquad n=1,2,3,\dots, \] where the coefficients \(\{A_i(x)\}_{i=1}^\infty\) are independent of \(n\). This system of equations has a unique solution given by \[ A_i(x)= 2^i \sum_{j=1}^i \frac{\alpha+\beta+2j+1} {(\alpha+\beta+j+1)_{i+1}} P_{i-j}^{(-\alpha-i-1, -\beta-i-1)} (x)F_j(x), \qquad i=1,2,3,\dots\;. \] This is a consequence of the Jacobi inversion formula \[ \sum_{k=j}^i \frac{\alpha+\beta+2k+1} {(\alpha+\beta+k+j+1)_{i-j+1}}\times P_{i-k}^{(-\alpha-i-1, -\beta-i-1)}(x) P_{k-j}^{(\alpha+j,\beta+j)}(x)= \delta_{ij}, \] \(j\leq i\), \(i,j=0,1,2,\dots\), which is proved in this paper.