Boundary layers and shock profiles for the discrete Boltzmann equation for mixtures (Q450063)

The author considers the discrete Boltzmann equation (DBE) system for a binary mixture of the gases \(A\) and \(B\) given by \[ \begin{aligned} &\frac{\partial f_i^A}{\partial t}+\xi_i^A\cdot\bigtriangledown_xf_i^A=Q_i^{AA}(f^A,f^A) +Q_i^{BA}(f^B,f^A),\quad i=1,\dots,n_A, \\ &\frac{\partial f_j^B}{\partial t}+\xi_j^B\cdot\bigtriangledown_xf_j^B=Q_j^{AB}(f^A,f^A) +Q_j^{BB}(f^B,f^B),\quad j=1,\dots,n_B, \end{aligned} \] where \(V_\alpha=\{\xi_1^{\alpha},\dots,\xi_{n_\alpha}^{\alpha} \}\subset \mathbb{R}^d\), \(\alpha,\beta \in\{A,B\}\) are finite sets of velocities, \(f_i^{\alpha}=f_i^{\alpha}(x,t)=f^{\alpha}(x,t,\xi)\) for \(i=1,\dots ,n_{\alpha},\) and \(f^{\alpha}=f^{\alpha}(x,t,\xi)\) represents the microscopic density of particles (of the gas \(\alpha\)) with velocity \(\xi\) at time \(t\in\mathbb{R}_{+}\) and position \(x\in\mathbb{R}^d\). The mass of a molecule of the gas \(\alpha\) is denoted by \(m_{\alpha}\). The collision operators \(Q_i^{\beta\alpha}(f^{\beta},f^{\alpha})\) are given by \[ Q_i^{\beta\alpha}(f^{\beta},f^{\alpha})=\sum_{k=1}^{n_{\alpha}} \sum_{j,l=1}^{n_{\beta}}\Gamma_{ij}^{kl}(\beta,\alpha)(f_{k}^{\alpha}f_{l}^{\beta} -f_{i}^{\alpha}f_{j}^{\beta}), \quad i=1,\dots ,n_{\alpha}, \] where it is assumed that the collision coefficients \(\Gamma_{ij}^{kl}(\beta,\alpha),\) with \(1\leq i,k\leq n_{\alpha}\) and \(1\leq j,l\leq n_{\beta},\) satisfy the relations \[ \Gamma_{ij}^{kl}(\alpha,\alpha)= \Gamma_{ji}^{kl}(\alpha,\alpha),\quad \Gamma_{ij}^{kl}(\beta,\alpha)= \Gamma_{kl}^{ij}(\beta,\alpha)=\Gamma_{ji}^{lk}(\alpha,\beta)\geq 0, \] with equality unless the conservation laws \[ m_{\alpha}\xi_i^{\alpha}+ m_{\beta}\xi_j^{\beta}= m_{\alpha}\xi_k^{\alpha}+ m_{\beta}\xi_l^{\beta}, \] \[ m_{\alpha}|\xi_i^{\alpha}|^2+ m_{\beta}|\xi_j^{\beta}|^2 = m_{\alpha}|\xi_k^{\alpha}|^2+ m_{\beta}|\xi_l^{\beta}|^2 \] are satisfied. Some known results for half-space problems are extended to the case of two-component gases. The author makes an expansion around a bi-Maxwellian and obtains the linearized collision operator and the quadratic part and concludes that a system with the same structure as in the case of one species is obtained. A number, corresponding to the speed of sound in the continuous case, is calculated for a class of symmetric models. Finally, an explicit simplified model exemplifies this theory.