No label defined (Q4513504)

Let \(E\) be a Mackey complete barrelled locally convex space. A \(C_0\)-semigroup \(\{T(t)\}_{t\geq 0}\) on \(E\) is called an \(\text{MC}_0\)-semigroup if for each \(x\in E\) and \(\lambda> 0\) there exist a bounded disc (a set being convex balanced and absorbed by a neighbourhood of zero) \(B\) in \(E\) such that the function \(f^{(t)}_x:= T(t)x\) defined on \([0,\lambda]\) takes values in \(E_B= \bigcup_{\alpha> 0}\alpha B\) (the semi-normed space generated by \(B\)) and it is bounded and Lebesgue-measurable. Let \(T^x(t)\) be the transposed operator to \(T(t)\). Define \(E^{\odot}:= \{\varphi\in E':\lim_{t\to 0} T^X(t)\varphi= \varphi\) in \(E_\beta'\}\). The authors prove in Theorem 1 that (1) \(E^{\odot}\) is dense in \(E_\sigma'\); (2) \(E^{\odot}\) is closed in \(E_\beta'\); (3) \(\overline{D(A^X)}^\beta= E^{\odot}\); (4) \(\varphi\in E^{\odot}\) if and only if \[ \lim_{\lambda\to 0} {1\over \lambda} w^*- \int^\lambda_0 T^X(s) \varphi ds= \varphi \] in \(E_\beta'\) (where \(A\) is the infinitesimal generator of \(\{T(t)\}_{t\geq 0}\)). Then they show that the topology of \(E\) is defined by a family of seminorms in terms of equicontinuous subsets of \(E^{\odot}\). An example is the translation semigroup on \(C(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{C})\) of continuous \(\mathbb{C}\)-valued functions on \(\mathbb{R}\) with the inductive topology.