Mazur Intersection Properties and Differentiability of Convex Functions in Banach Spaces (Q4520399)

A real Banach space \(X\) is said to have the Mazur intersection property (IP) if every bounded closed convex subset of \(X\) is an intersection of closed balls. If a similar property holds for every bounded \(w^*\)-closed convex subset of \(X^*\) then one says that \(X^*\) has the \(w^*\)-Mazur IP. The relevance of Mazur IP in the study of the differentiability of convex functions was already noticed by \textit{S. Mazur} himself [Stud. Math. 4, 128-133 (1933; Zbl 0008.31604)], and was investigated later by P. Kenderov and J. Giles, P. Georgiev, J. P. Moreno, and other. \textit{M. Jiménez Sevilla} and \textit{J. P. Moreno} [J. Func. Anal. 144, No. 2, 486-504 (1997; Zbl 0898.46008)], have shown that there is no relationship between Asplund spaces and spaces with the Mazur IP. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the relationships between the Mazur IP and almost Asplund property, a property strictly weaker than Asplund property. Denote by \(F\) the set of all sublinear (subadditive and positively homogeneous) continuous functionals on \(X\) and by \(F^*\) the set of all sublinear \(w^*\)-continuous functionals on \(X^*\). Equip \(F\) and \(F^*\) with the metrics of uniform convergence on the unit balls of \(X\) and \(X^*\), respectively. The space \(X\) (respectively \(X^*\)) is called almost Asplund (almost \(w^*\)-Asplund) if there exists a dense \(G_\delta\) subset \(F_0\subset F\) (\(F_0^*\subset F^*\)) such that every \(f\in F_0\) (\(f^*\in F_0^*\)) is Fréchet differentiable on a dense \(G_\delta\) subset of \(X\) (respectively of \(X^*\)). In Theorem 3.4, the authors prove that if \(X\) has the Mazur IP then \(X^*\) is almost \(w^*\)-Asplund, and if \(X^*\) has the \(w^*\)-Mazur IP then \(X\) is almost Asplund. As a consequence, it follows that if a Banach space \(X\) (respectively \(X^*\)) has a total biorthogonal system in \(X\times X^*\) (respectively in \(X^*\times X\)) then \(X\) is almost Asplund (respectively \(X^*\) is almost \(w^*\)-Asplund). In particular, the spaces \(\ell _1 (\Gamma)\) and \(\ell _\infty (\Gamma)\) fall into this category. The relationship between Mazur IP and the existence of exposed and denting points is also investigated. Let \(\mathcal{B}_X\) (\(\mathcal{B}^*_{X^*}\)) be the set of all bounded closed (respectively \(w^*\)-closed) convex subsets of \(X\) (\(X^*\)) equipped with the Hausdorff-Pompeiu metric. If \(X^*\) has the \(w^*\)-Mazur IP then: (i) there exists a dense \(G_\delta\) subset \(\mathcal B_0 \subset \mathcal B_X\) such that every element of \(\mathcal B_0\) is the closed convex hull of its strongly exposed points, and (ii) there exists a dense \(G_\delta\) subset \(\mathcal B _0^* \subset \mathcal{B}_{X^*}^*\) such that every element of \(\mathcal B_0^*\) is the \(w^*\)-closed convex hull of its \(w^*\)-strongly exposed points. If \(X\) has the Mazur IP then (i) holds and there exists a dense \(G_\delta\) subset \(\mathcal B_0^*\subset \mathcal{B}_{X^*}^*\) such that every element of \(\mathcal B_0^*\) is the \(w^*\)-closed convex hull of its \(w^*\)-denting points.