Almost global existence for solution of semilinear klein-gordon equations with small weakly decaying cauchy data (Q4521111)

This paper is devoted to some results on long time existence of the solutions to a semilinear Klein-Gordon equation with small initial data. If initial data are of compact support or if they decay rapidly enough at infinity, global existence results are well known [\textit{S. Klainerman}, Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 38, 631-641 (1985; Zbl 0597.35100) and \textit{J. Shatah}, Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 38, 685-696 (1985; Zbl 0597.35101)]. The present paper considers the case of initial data which are only weakly decaying at infinity. In particular supposing that \(F\) is a nonlinearity such that \[ F(U, \partial_t U, \partial_x U)= G_0(U)+ \sum_{1\leq i,j\leq m}G_{i,j}(U)q_0(\partial_t u_i, \partial_x u_i; \partial_t u_j, \partial_x u_j), \] where \(G_0\) is a polynomial vanishing at least at order \(2\) in \(0\), \(G_{i,j}\) are polynomials and \(q_0\) is the bilinear form \[ q_0(T,X;T',X')=T T'-X\cdot X', \] then the Cauchy problem \(\partial^2_t U -\Delta_x U + U = F(U, \partial_t U, \partial_x U)\), \(U|_{t=0}=\varepsilon U_0\), \(\partial_t U|_{t=0}=\varepsilon U_1\) has a unique solution in \(C^0(]T_{*}(\varepsilon), T^{*}(\varepsilon)[, H^N) \cap C^1(]T_{*}(\varepsilon), T^{*}(\varepsilon)[, H^{N-1})\) for all \((U_0, U_1)\) in the unit ball of \(H^N(\mathbb{R}^d)\times H^{N-1}(\mathbb{R}^d)\) and for all \(\varepsilon\in ]0,1[\). Here \(N>d+3/2\) and \[ T^{*}(\varepsilon)\geq c \exp(c\varepsilon^{-\mu}),\qquad T_{*}(\varepsilon)\leq -c \exp(c\varepsilon^{-\mu}), \] where \(c\) is a positive constant and \(\mu=2/3\) if \(d=2\), \(\mu=1\) if \(d\geq 3\). To prove this result the authors reduce the long time existence problem to a local existence problem with Cauchy data of limited smoothness [\textit{S. Klainerman} and \textit{M. Machedon} Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 46, No. 9, 1221-1268 (1993; Zbl 0803.35095)]. Here this problem is solved using a technique of \(L^2\)-orthogonal decomposition due to \textit{J. Bourgain} [Geom. Funct. Anal. 3, 107-156, 209-262 (1993; Zbl 0787.35097, Zbl 0787.35098)] combined with some results of paradifferential calculus.