No label defined (Q4530387)

The Hamiltonian \(H=p^2-(ix)^N+k(k+1)x^{-2}\) has real eigenvalues \(E\) as a function of \(N\), and has eigenfunctions \(\psi(x,E)\) which decay exponentially as \(|x|\to\infty\) in a pair of Stokes sectors in \(C\). The \(T-Q\) relation in integrable lattice models is given as follows: For each eigenfunction \(t(\nu)\) of the transfer matrix \(T(\nu)\), there exists an entire \(i\pi\)-periodic function \(q(\nu)\) such that \(t(\nu)q(\nu)= a^Nq(\nu+2i \eta)+ b^Nq(\nu-2i\eta)\), where \(a=\sinh (i\eta-\nu)\) and \(b=\sinh (i\eta+\nu)\). The authors study the eigenvalue problem \([-d^2/dx^2+x^{2M}-E] y(x,E)=0\), \(M,E\in\mathbb{R}\). Setting \(\omega=e^{2\pi i/(2M+2)}\), they obtain the solutions \(y_k(x,E)= \omega^{k/2} y(\omega^{-k}X,\;\omega^{2k}E)\), \(k\in Z\), and the Wronskian \(W_{h, k}= [y_hy_k'-y_h'y_k]\). As TQ/ODE connection they obtain the Stokes relation \[ C(E)y(x,E)= \omega^{-1/2}y (\omega x,\omega^{-2}E)+\omega^{1/2} y(\omega^{-1}x, \omega^2E), \qquad C(E)=W_{-1,1}/W_{0,1}, \] which looks like a \(T-Q\) relation. Finally they mention the work extending this to \(n\)-th order ODEs, and linking them to integrable models associated with the Lie algebra \(SU(n)\). For the entire collection see [Zbl 0966.00040].