Scattering theory on graphs: II. The Friedel sum rule (Q4545258)

Friedel-Krein relations connect the variation of the density of states with scattering phases. The similar Smith formula connects the integral of the spectral density over the interaction domain with the time delay. The authors formulate and prove analogs of both formulae for graphs. In particular the integral of the square modulo of the scattered wave injected into the vertex \(\alpha\) on the compact part \(\alpha\) on the compact part \(\Gamma\) of the graph is connected to the scattering matrix \(\Sigma\) as: \[ \sum_\alpha \int_\Gamma |\widetilde\psi(x)|^2 dx={1\over 2\pi i} \Biggl(\text{Tr}\Biggl\{\Sigma^+ {d\Sigma\over dE}\Biggr\}\Biggr)+{1\over 4E} \text{Tr}\{\Sigma- \Sigma^+\}. \] The correspoding integral formula for the density of states \[ \int^N_{-\infty} \int_\Gamma\rho(x, E) dx dE\approx{1\over 2\pi} \delta^f(E)\text{ up to some oscillatory part} \] is not generally true due to degeneracies in the spectrum. A number of interesting examples is suggested where these degeneracies occur. For Part I, cf. ibid. 34, 10307-10326 (2001; Zbl 0996.05110).