Pauli's theorem and quantum canonical pairs: the consistency of a bounded, self–adjoint time operator canonically conjugate to a Hamiltonian with non–empty point spectrum (Q4545338)

Pauli's theorem: Let \(H\) be a self-adjoint Hamiltonian. Assume that there exists a self-adjoint time operator \(T\) such that \([T,H]= i\). Suppose that \(H\phi_E= E\phi_E\) and \(U_\beta= \exp(-i\beta T)\), \(\beta\in\mathbb{R}\). Then (1) \([U_\beta, H]= \beta U_\beta\) and \(HU_\beta\phi_E= (E+ \beta) U_\beta\phi_E\cdots\) hold for \(\forall\beta\in \mathbb{R}\). Therefore, if \(H\) does not possess a completely continuous spectrum covering the entire real line, there is no self-adjoint operator \(T\) such that \([T,H]= i\). The proof is the one without regard to the domains of the operators involved. Then the author gives two counterexamples to (1), and proves his consistency theorem, as the background of his examples. Example 1. \(T\psi= t\psi(t)\), \(H\psi(t)=- i\psi(t)\) in \(H= L^2[0,2\pi]\). Example 2. \((H\phi)(q)= -(d/dq)^2\phi/2\), \(D(H)= \{\phi\in D(p): \phi'\) absolutely continuous, \(\phi''\in H\equiv L^2[-1,1]\), \(\phi'(-1)= phi'(1)\}\), and \(T= -(qP^{-1}+ P^{-1}q)/2\), where \(P^{-1}\) is the minimal extension of \(p_{N_\perp}^{-1}\) in \(H\). \(N(p)= \{\phi: p\phi=0\}\). Conclusion of his theorem, related to (1): \(H\) has infinitely countable eigenvalues with equal multiplicities extending from negative to positive infinity.