Local existence and smoothing effect for nonlinear equations of Schrödinger type (Q461281)

The author proves a local existence result in Sobolev spaces for solutions to nonlinear equations of Schrödinger type written as \(\partial _{t}u=i \mathcal{L}u+F(u,\nabla _{x}u,\overline{u},\nabla _{x}\overline{u})\), \(t\in \mathbb{R}\), \(x\in \mathbb{R}^{n}\), where \(\overline{u}\) is the conjugate function of \(u\), \(F(u,v,\overline{u},\overline{v})\) is a \(C^{\infty }\) function from \(\mathbb{C}\times \mathbb{C}^{n}\times \mathbb{C}\times \mathbb{C}^{n}\) to \(\mathbb{C}\) which vanishes at 0 together with its partial derivatives up to the second order, and \(\mathcal{L}\) is a linear differential operator of the type \(\mathcal{L}=\sum_{j\leq k}\partial _{x_{j}}^{2}-\sum_{j>k}\partial _{x_{j}}^{2}\), \(k\in \{1,\ldots ,n\}\). Initial data \(u(x,0)=u_{0}(x)\in H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) are added. The main result of the paper indeed says that for every \(s>n/2+3\) and for every \( u_{0}\in H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\), there exists \(T>0\) such that the above problem has a unique solution \(u\in C([-T,T];H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n}))\) such that \(\sup_{\mu \in \mathbb{Z}^{n}}\int_{-T}^{T}\int_{\mathbb{R} ^{n}}\left| \left\langle x-x_{\mu }\right\rangle ^{-2}J^{s+1/2}u(x,t)\right| ^{2}dxdt<+\infty \), where \(J=(1-\Delta )^{1/2}\). The author also proves some uniform continuity argument for the application which associates the solution to its initial condition taken on bounded subsets of \(H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\). The author thus extends earlier results concerning local existence and smoothing effect obtained by \textit{C. E. Kenig} et al. [Invent. Math. 134, No. 3, 489--545 (1998; Zbl 0928.35158)]. For the proof, which is inspired from that of the above-indicated paper, the author mainly uses a linearization process, or more precisely a paralinearization process as introduced by \textit{J.-M. Bony} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 14, 209--246 (1981; Zbl 0495.35024)], together with tools from the pseudo-differential calculus.