Solitons on tori and soliton crystals (Q461422)

The authors apply the criteria in the context of the baby Skyrme model. They find that a toric baby skyrmion is a soliton lattice if it satisfies a virial constraint of Derrick type and is conformal on average, in the \(L^2\) sense. They show further that every baby skyrmion lattice is a soliton crystal. They also show that for any choice of the period lattice \(\Lambda\), there exists a potential for which the baby skyrme model has a crystal with this periodicity. For the three-dimensional skyrme model, it is shown that any soliton solution on a cubic lattice which satisfies a virial constraint and is equivariant with respect to (a subgroup of) the lattice symmetries automatically satisfies both tests. This verifies in particular, that the celebrated Skyrme crystal of \textit{L. Castillejo} et al. [``Dense skyrmion system'', Nucl. Phys., A 501, No. 4, 801--812 (1989; \url{doi:10.1016/0375-9474(89)90161-9})], and \textit{M. Kugler} and \textit{S. Shtrikman} [``A new skyrmion crystal'', Phys. Lett., B 208, No. 3--4, 491--494 (1988; \url{doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90653-3})], passes both tests.