A holographic principle for the existence of parallel spinor fields and an inequality of Shi-Tam type (Q461939)

In this paper, the authors prove the following results: Theorem 1. Let \((M,<,>)\) be an \((n+1)\)-dimensional compact connected Riemannian spin manifold with non-negative scalar curvature and with mean convex boundary hypersurface \(\Sigma\). Then, the first non-negative eigenvalue \(\lambda_1(D\llap{/\kern2pt}_H)\) of the Dirac operator corresponding to the conformal metric \(<,>_H=H^2<,>\) satifies \(\lambda_1(D\llap{/\kern2pt}_H)\geq\frac n2\), and equality holds if and only if \(M\) admits a non-trivial parallel spinor. In this case, the eigenspace corresponding to \(\lambda_1(D\llap{/\kern2pt}_H)=\frac n2\) consists of restrictions to \(\Sigma\) of parallel spinor fields on \(M\) multiplied by the function \(H^{-\frac{n-1}2}\). Furthermore, the boundary hypersurface \(\Sigma\) has to be connected. Theorem 2. Under the same conditions as in Theorem 1, assume furthermore that \(\Sigma\) admits an isometric and isospin immersion with mean curvature \(H_0\) into another \((n+1)\)-dimensional Riemannian spin manifold \(M_0\) endowed with a non trivial parallel spinor field. Then \[ \int_\Sigma H\,d\Sigma\leq\int_\Sigma(H_0^2/H)\,d\Sigma\eqno{(1)}. \] Moreover, equality is achieved if and only if both immersions have the same shape operator. In this case, the boundary hypersurface \(\Sigma\) must be connected. Theorem 3. Under the same conditions as in Theorem 2, assume that \(M_0=\mathbb R^{n+1}\). Then the inequality (1) holds and equality is achieved if and only if \(\Sigma\) is connected, \(M\) is a Euclidean domain and the embedding of \(\Sigma\) in \(M\) and its immersion in \(\mathbb R^{n+1}\) are congruent. An interesting consequence of the above result, stated as Corollary 10, is that inequality (1) implies the positive mass theorem (PMT).