Differentiable roots, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors (Q466067)

Let \(P\) be a \(C^p\)-curve of polynomials, that is, a monic polynomial \(P(t)(z)=z^n+\sum_{j=1}^n (-1)^j a_j(t)z^{n-j}\), where \(a_1,\dots,a_n\) are complex-valued functions of class \(C^p\) \((0\leq p\leq \infty)\) on an open interval \(I\subset \mathbb{R} \). Such a \(P\) is called \(C^q\)-solvable if its roots have a parametrization of class \(C^q\) on \(I\). The author gives conditions for \(C^q\)-solvability involving \(p\) and the (finite) order of contact between roots. These conditions don't require hyperbolicity and are essentially optimal. They are expressed in terms of features of a certain labeled rooted tree \(T(P,t)\) arising from a local factorization algorithm. The corresponding problem for \(C^q\)-eigenvalues and eigenvectors of curves of normal complex matrices is treated in a similar way.