On the number of finite algebraic structures (Q466908)

Summary: We prove that every clone of operations on a finite set \(A\), if it contains a Malcev operation, is finitely related -- i.e., identical with the clone of all operations respecting \(R\) for some finitary relation \(R\) over \(A\). It follows that for a fixed finite set \(A\), the set of all such Malcev clones is countable. This completes the solution of a problem that was first formulated in 1980, or earlier: how many Malcev clones can finite sets support? More generally, we prove that every finite algebra with few subpowers has a finitely related clone of term operations. Hence modulo term equivalence and a renaming of the elements, there are only countably many finite algebras with few subpowers, and thus only countably many finite algebras with a Malcev term.