Fonctions qui operent sur les espaces de Besov (Q4699574)

The author investigates the functions that operate on Besov spaces \(B^s_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n)\). Let \(s\), \(p\), \(q\) be real numbers such that \(1< p<\infty\), \(1< s<1+{1\over p}\), \(1\leq q\leq\infty\). It is proved that if a function \(f: \mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}\) satisfies the following assumptions: -- \(F(0)= 0\), -- \(F\) is a Lipschitz function, -- \(F\) belongs to a homogeneous Besov space \(\dot B^{1+1/p}_{p,\infty}(\mathbb{R})\), then it operates on \(B^s_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n)\), i.e., a composition \(F(f)\) belongs to \(B^s_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n)\). Moreover, there exists \(C>0\) such that \[ \|F(f)|B^s_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n)\|\leq C\max(\|F'\|_\infty,\|F|B^{1+1/p}_{p,\infty}(\mathbb{R})\|)\;\|f|B^s_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n)\|. \] The main step of the proof is the case \(n= 1\) and \(p=q\). In that case the proof is based on the approximation in the Besov spaces by spline functions of order 1. The case \(n>1\) and \(p= q\) follows then by the Fubini property for the Besov spaces. Finally, for \(p\neq q\) one can use the \textit{G. Bourdaud} and \textit{Y. Meyer} procedure [J. Funct. Anal. 97, No. 2, 351-360 (1991; Zbl 0737.46011)].