Groups with equal layers and Butler groups (Q4700029)

Let \(A\) be a torsion-free abelian group of finite rank. The mapping \(\varphi\) from the lattice of pure subgroups of \(A\) to the lattice of (generalized) types of rational groups is called weight of \(A\), if the image \(\varphi U=ST(U)\) of the pure subgroup \(U\) is the sumtype of \(U\). For a group \(A\) with weight \(\varphi\) the set \(T^k_A\) of types \(\varphi U\) for all pure subgroups \(U\) of rank \(k\) is called \(k\)th layer of \(A\), respectively of the weight of \(A\). There are three main results. Groups with all layers coinciding have the same Richman type (Proposition 8). A group \(A\) with finite typeset \(T\) is a Butler group if and only if each hypertype \(HT_i(A)\) is the union of types \(t\in T\) such that \(\text{rk}(A(t))>\text{rk}(A)-i\) (Theorem 13). If the layers of a group \(A\) coincide with the layers of a Butler group, then \(A\) is itself a Butler group (Theorem 20). The problem whether an abstractly given weight is realized by some group is left open.