Identities of locally testable semigroups (Q4700477)

Let \(\Sigma\) be a countably infinite alphabet, \(\Sigma^+\) the free semigroup on \(\Sigma\). For \(k\geq 2\) and \(u\in\Sigma^+\), put \(h_{k-1}(u)=u=t_{k-1}(u)\) if \(u\) has length less than \(k\), and otherwise \(h_{k-1}(u)\) [\(t_{k-1}(u)\)] is the prefix [suffix] of length \(k-1\) of \(u\). \(C_k(u)\) is the set of subwords of length \(k\) of \(u\). The variety \(T_k\) of \(k\)-testable semigroups is determined by the identities \(u=v\) where \(h_{k-1}(u)=h_{k-1}(v)\), \(t_{k-1}(u)=t_{k-1}(v)\) and \(C_k(u)=C_k(v)\). A finite basis of identities is found for the variety \(T_k\). The variety \(T_2\) has a basis of identities consisting of \(x^2=x^3\), \(xyx=xyxyx\), \(xyxzx=xzxyx\), and \(T_2\) is the variety generated by the five element completely \(0\)-simple semigroup which has exactly one nonidempotent. For \(k\geq 2\), every \(k\)-testable semigroup is a \((k-1)\)-nilpotent extension of a member of \(T_2\), and so the classes of regular semigroups contained in \(T_2\) and \(T_k\) coincide. The variety \(T_k\) is generated by a finite semigroup.