Preservation and destruction in simple refinements (Q471462)

From the abstract: If \(\sigma\) is a topology on \(X\) and \(A \subseteq X\), we let \(<\sigma ,A>\) denote the topology generated by \(\sigma\) and \(A\), i.e., the topology with \(\sigma \cup \{A\}\) as a subbasis. Any refinement of a topology obtained like this -- by declaring just one new set to be open -- we call simple. The present paper investigates the preservation of various properties in simple refinements. The locally closed sets (sets open in their closure) play a crucial role here: it turns out that many properties are preserved in a simple refinement by \(A\) if and only if \(A\) is locally closed. We prove this for the properties of regularity, completely regularity, (complete) metrizability, and (complete) ultrametrizability. We also show that local compactness is preserved in a simple refinement by \(A\) if and only if both \(A\) and its complement are locally closed.