The Khintchine–Groshev theorem for planar curves (Q4719863)

Let \(\psi:\mathbb N\rightarrow\mathbb R^+\) be a decreasing function. The Khintchine-Groshev theorem in the plane states that the set of points \((x_1,x_2)\in\mathbb R^2\), which satisfy the inequality \[ |q_1x_1+q_2x_2+q_0 |<\psi(H(\mathbf q))H(\mathbf q)^{-1} \] for infinitely many vectors \(\mathbf q=(q_0,q_1,q_2)\in\mathbb Z^3\), has zero or full Lebesgue measure according to whether the sum \(\sum_{r=1}^\infty\psi(r)\) converges or diverges. Here \(H(\mathbf q)=\max\{|q_1|,|q_2|\}\). In the present paper the authors prove the following analogue of this theorem for planar curves with non-zero curvature almost everywhere: Let \(I\subset\mathbb R\) be an interval and suppose that the functions \(f_1,f_2:I\rightarrow\mathbb R\) are \(C^3\) and satisfy \(f_1'(x)f_2''(x)- f_1''(x) f_2'(x)\neq 0\) for almost all \(x\in I\). Then, for almost all \(x\in I\), the inequality \[ |q_1f_1(x)+q_2f_2(x)+q_0|<\psi(H(\mathbf q))H(\mathbf q)^{-1} \] holds for infinitely many or only finitely many integer vectors \(\mathbf q\) according to whether the sum \(\sum_{r=1}^\infty\psi(r)\) diverges or converges. The case of convergence was earlier proved by the three last authors [ibid. 454, 179-185 (1998; Zbl 0978.11032)].