\(J\)-trace identities and invariant theory. (Q477767)

In the paper under review the author introduces the notion of \(J\)-trace identity. The motivating example of an associative algebra with \(J\)-trace is the superalgebra \(M_{n,n}\) which consists of \(2n\times 2n\) matrices with entries from the Grassmann algebra \(E=E_0\oplus E_1\) with its natural \(\mathbb Z_2\)-grading. The even component is the space of block matrices \(\left(\begin{smallmatrix} A&B\\ C&D\end{smallmatrix}\right)\), where \(A,D\in M_n(E_0)\), \(B,C\in M_n(E_1)\) and the odd component is the opposite. The matrix \(j=\left(\begin{smallmatrix} 0&I_n\\ I_n&0\end{smallmatrix}\right)\) has the properties \(j\in(M_{n,n})_1\), \(j^2=1\), and \((M_{n,n})_1=j(M_{n,n})_0=(M_{n,n})_0j\), \((M_{n,n})_0=j(M_{n,n})_1=(M_{n,n})_1j\). Then the \(J\)-trace of \(M_{n,n}\) is the supertrace defined on the homogeneous elements \((a_{ij})\) of degree \(d\) by \[ \text{str}(a_{ij})=\sum_{i=1}^na_{ii}-(-1)^d\sum_{i=n+1}^{2n}a_{ii}. \] The author develops the necessary machinery to study \(J\)-trace identities in the spirit of the Procesi-Razmyslov theory of trace identities of matrices. The main result of the paper is that all \(J\)-trace identities of \(M_{n,n}\) are consequences of those of degree \(n(n+3)/2\). As in the approach of Procesi, the considerations of the author are based on invariant theory. If Procesi works with invariant theory of the general linear group based on the double centralizer theorem between the general linear group and the symmetric group, here the author uses the double centralizer theorem for the queer superalgebra [\textit{A. N. Sergeev}, Math. USSR, Sb. 51, 419-427 (1985); translation from Mat. Sb., Nov. Ser. 123(165), No. 3, 422-430 (1984; Zbl 0573.17002)] combined with his results on invariant theory of the queer superalgebra [\textit{A. Berele}, Adv. Math. 237, 33-61 (2013; Zbl 1276.16015)]. In the language of invariant theory the result from 2013 could be called the First Fundamental Theorem for the queer superalgebra. Now the result on \(J\)-trace identities would be the Second Fundamental Theorem. This also gives an indirect description of the queer trace identities of the algebra \(M_n(E)\).