A NOTE ON INTEGERS OF THE FORM 2^<i>n</i>+<i>cp</i> (Q4784797)

In 1950 [Summa Brasil. Math. 2, 113--123 (1950; Zbl 0041.36808)] \textit{P. Erdős} proved that if \(x\equiv 2\,036\,812\pmod {5\,592\,405}\) and \(x\equiv 3\pmod{62}\), then \(x\) is not of the form \(2^n+p\), where \(n\) is a non-negative integer and \(p\) is a prime, thereby disproving a conjecture of Polignac (1849) that all sufficiently large odd integers could be written as \(2^n+p\) for some \(n\geq 1\) and prime \(p\). Here the authors prove a theorem on integers of the form \(2^n+cp\), in particular they completely determine all those integers \(c\) relatively prime to \(5\,592\,405\) such that the residue class \(2\,036\,812\pmod{5\,592\,405}\) contains integers of the form \(2^n+cp\).