No label defined (Q4807508)

The paper deals with the equivalence problem of the two functional equations \[ f(x)+f(y)=f\Big(\frac{x+y}{2}\Big)+f\Big(\frac{2xy}{x+y}\Big) \qquad(x,y\in I) \] and \[ f(x)+f(y)=2f(\sqrt{xy}) \qquad(x,y\in I), \] (where \(I\) is an open subinterval of \({\mathbf R}_+\) and \(f:I\to{\mathbf R}\)), which was posed as an open question by \textit{Z.Daróczy} in 1999, see page 191 in [Aequationes Math. 60, No. 1-2, 175-200 (2000; Zbl 0958.39001)]. One can easily notice that the solutions of the second equation always satsify the first one. The main result of the paper, answering Daróczy's question in the affirmative, shows that the reversed implication is also valid. The main idea of the solution is to find a cocycle-type identity for three terms of the first equation and then to obtain a four-variable functional equation that can be reduced to the second equation on an open subset \(D\subset I\times I\).