L^pbounds for spectral multipliers on rank one NA-groups with roots not all positive (Q4829449)

Let \(G\) be a real connected Lie group, let \(X_j\) be left invariant vector fields on \(G\) which generate the Lie algebra of \(G\), and consider the left invariant sub-Laplacian \(\Delta = - \sum_j X_j^2\). By the spectral theorem, every Borel function \(m\) bounded on \({\mathbb R}^+\) determines a bounded operator \(m(\Delta)\) on \(L^2(G)\). A natural question to ask is under what conditions on \(m\) can \(m(\Delta)\) be extended to a bounded operator on \(L^p(G)\) for some \(p \neq 2\)? In the paper under review the author studies this question for a particular class of Lie groups, which we will now describe. Let \(H\) be a homogeneous nilpotent Lie group of homogeneous dimension \(Q\). Now let \(\alpha\) be a negative real number, and let \(G = H \times {\mathbb R} \times {\mathbb R}\) be the Lie group with product \(g_1 \cdot g_2 = (h_1, a_1, t_1) \cdot (h_2, a_2, t_2) = (h_1 \cdot \sigma_{t_1} h_2, a_1 + e^{\alpha t_1} a_2, t_1 + t_2)\), where \(g_i = (h_i, a_i, t_i) \in G, i =1, 2\) and \(\sigma_{t_1}\) is an automorphism of \(H\). Now \(G\) is solvable with exponential volume growth, and is non-unimodular whenever \(\alpha \neq - Q\). The author then defines a system \(\chi = \{X_0, \dots, X_{d+1}\}\) of left invariant vector fields on \(G\). The system \(\chi\) also satisfies Hörmander's condition on \(G\). Now \(\Delta = - \sum_{j=0}^{d+1} X_j^2\) is an operator on \(L^2(G)\). The main theorem proven by the author in this paper is: Let \(G\) and \(\Delta\) be defined as above. Suppose that \(m\) is a real function compactly supported in \(] 0, \infty [\) which belongs to the Sobolev space \(H^{Q + 5 + \epsilon}({\mathbb R}^+)\) for some \(\epsilon > 0\). Then the operator \(m(\Delta)\) extends to an operator bounded on \(L^p(G)\) for all \(p \geq 1\). The author states that this result gives the first example of a sub-Laplacian which admits a differentiable \(L^p\) functional calculus, \(p \neq 2\), on an \(NA\)-group with all roots not all positive and for which \(N \neq {\mathbb R}^n\).